Professionalism in medicine: a cross-sectional study comparing medical student and faculty attitudes using professionalism scenarios

Abstract

Introduction

Professionalism in medicine has long been regarded as a foundational aspect of medical practice. However, as societal norms change, expectations for professional behavior shift, increasing the complexity of defining professionalism in medical education. Medical students and faculty may hold varying definitions of professionalism, which can significantly impact medical education and the clinical environment.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey study conducted from March 2025 to August 2025 assessed attitudes toward professionalism among medical students and faculty physicians at The University of Texas Dell Medical School in Austin, Texas (UT-DELL), and the University of New Mexico School of Medicine in Albuquerque, New Mexico (UNM SOM). The survey included 35 scenarios categorized as classroom, clinical, personal, or off-site behavior. It was administered to faculty and students, who evaluated professional behaviors on a five-point Likert scale.

Results

We received 31 faculty responses and 61 student responses. This study demonstrates strong consensus among faculty and students across key domains of medical professionalism, particularly regarding confidentiality, conflicts of interest, and relational boundaries. These areas of alignment suggest that specific behavioral standards and shared ethical values have remained consistent across generations of physicians. The most notable differences emerged in perceptions of professionalism related to technology use, generational change, and evolving social norms. Broader cultural shifts were evident in divergent opinions regarding the use of cellphones and AI, personal appearance, and social media behavior.

Conclusion

Ultimately, professionalism in medicine requires a balance between continuity and adaptation. By engaging faculty and students in a continuous process of reflection and dialogue, medical schools can cultivate a modern conception of professionalism that is both grounded in enduring values and responsive to the evolving context of medical practice.